Product structural design refers to the process of designing the physical aspects of products, such as digital devices et home appliances, after their external appearance has been conceptualized.
Comment comprendre la définition de la "conception structurelle des produits" ?
This design phase bridges the gap between the aesthetic design et le processus de fabrication. For instance, in the case of an electric egg beater, once the external design detailing its shape and color is finalized, the next step involves structural design.
This includes using 3D modeling to incorporate internal components like the motor, circuits, and switches into the design. The process extends to dividing the outer shell into parts, creating molds for injection molding, and ensuring the compatibility and fixation of shell parts with internal components. It also involves considering the manufacturing processes and assembly requirements to design the unseen parts of the product.
Finally, the shell is produced through moulage par injection and assembled with the internal components to complete the electric egg beater.
La conception structurelle des produits est un domaine complet qui relie la conception à la fabrication pratique. Elle englobe un large éventail de connaissances, notamment la compréhension des processus, des pièces, de l'assemblage, de l'injection de moules, des essais fonctionnels et de la gestion de projet.
Devenir ingénieur en structures de produits : Connaissances de base et formation
Pour devenir un ingénieur en structures, il faut commencer par acquérir certaines connaissances de base. Cette section aborde les bases dont un novice a besoin pour devenir un ingénieur structurel junior, bien que des connaissances supplémentaires soient toujours bénéfiques.
1. Dessin mécanique
One of the fundamental requirements for product structural design is mechanical drafting, often learned during university studies. The necessary skills are basic and do not require manual drawing abilities or an understanding of various line thicknesses used in drafting standards.
Toutefois, il est essentiel de comprendre les projections orthographiques, les vues latérales et les concepts de base du premier et du troisième angle. Il est essentiel de pouvoir interpréter les dimensions et les principales caractéristiques des pièces à partir des dessins. Ces compétences constituent la base de la conception structurelle des produits.
En règle générale, les étudiants qui se spécialisent dans le dessin industriel et le génie mécanique apprennent cette matière à l'université. Si l'on n'a pas bien compris à l'époque, il est conseillé de revoir les manuels, en se concentrant sur la façon dont plusieurs vues de projection représentent la forme d'une pièce.
Le dessin mécanique est fondamental pour la conception structurelle des produits, et ce pour deux raisons.
First, the 3D software used in structural design, whether it’s CREO, SolidWorks, UG, CATIAou Fusion 360, operates on parametric design principles, transforming 2D sketches into 3D models. A lack of understanding in mechanical drafting makes learning these software programs challenging.
Deuxièmement, la conception structurelle implique souvent l'interprétation de nombreux dessins en 2D, tels que des diagrammes de pièces et des spécifications, pour créer des modèles en 3D. Sans connaissances de base en dessin mécanique, il est impossible d'apprendre la conception structurelle des produits.
Tolérances dimensionnelles
En ce qui concerne les tolérances dimensionnelles, au niveau le plus élémentaire, il n'est pas nécessaire de comprendre des concepts complexes tels que le système d'ajustement ou les zones de tolérance. En revanche, il est essentiel de connaître la signification des petits nombres qui suivent les dimensions de base.
Les tolérances dimensionnelles sont essentielles pour garantir que les pièces s'assemblent correctement dans le produit final. Bien qu'une compréhension approfondie des systèmes de tolérance avancés ne soit pas nécessaire au niveau débutant, il est essentiel de connaître la signification des nombres qui suivent les dimensions principales. Ces chiffres indiquent la variation autorisée de la taille de la pièce, ce qui est essentiel pour garantir la compatibilité et la fonctionnalité de l'assemblage final.
2. Apprentissage des logiciels
Après avoir acquis les bases du dessin mécanique, l'étape suivante consiste à se familiariser avec les logiciels de CAO (Conception Assistée par Ordinateur). À ce stade, il ne s'agit pas de mémoriser des raccourcis ou des opérations complexes, mais plutôt de comprendre comment ouvrir et modifier des dessins, ajouter des lignes et des dimensions. Ces connaissances préparent le terrain pour l'apprentissage ultérieur des logiciels 3D, qui permettent de convertir les dessins de pièces en 3D en fichiers de fabrication en 2D et de renforcer les compétences en dessin mécanique récemment acquises.
Il est important de noter que le dessin en 2D pur est de moins en moins courant dans la conception structurelle pratique des produits. Toutefois, sa maîtrise peut s'avérer bénéfique, mais n'oubliez pas qu'il ne s'agit que d'une base pour devenir ingénieur en structures de produits, et non de l'ensemble des compétences requises.
Dans le domaine de la conception structurelle des produits modernes, la maîtrise des logiciels 3D n'est pas négociable. Ne vous laissez pas influencer par les ingénieurs chevronnés qui se souviennent de leurs prouesses en dessin 2D ou manuel. L'ingénierie n'est pas qu'une question de savoir-faire ; il s'agit de mettre continuellement à jour ses connaissances et ses compétences. Les gains d'efficacité des logiciels 3D dans la conception structurelle des produits sont considérables et ne peuvent être égalés par les compétences traditionnelles en matière de dessin manuel. Un ingénieur en structures de produits doit être prêt à apprendre en permanence et à s'adapter aux nouvelles connaissances.
Choisir le bon logiciel 3D
Le choix d'un logiciel 3D dépend de l'industrie dans laquelle vous entrez. Par exemple, les secteurs de l'aérospatiale et de l'automobile préfèrent souvent CATIA, même si certains utilisateurs préfèrent UG. Dans ces secteurs, ne pas connaître CATIA peut être un désavantage. UG est largement utilisé dans les industries du moule et de la fabrication en raison de ses caractéristiques robustes. CREO, qui domine les secteurs de l'électroménager et de la conception numérique de produits, doit sa popularité à son adoption précoce par les entreprises taïwanaises. SolidWorks excelle dans la conception mécanique, en particulier dans l'automatisation, grâce à ses fonctions optimisées. Les logiciels émergents tels que Spaceclaim et Fusion 360 méritent également d'être explorés.
Il est essentiel de ne pas se contenter d'un seul logiciel. Chaque logiciel a ses points forts et ils évoluent en permanence en s'empruntant des fonctionnalités les uns aux autres. Croire que le logiciel que vous avez appris est supérieur peut entraver votre évolution en tant que concepteur et conduire à l'obsolescence. L'ouverture d'esprit et l'apprentissage continu sont essentiels.
Ressources pédagogiques pour les logiciels
Une fois que vous avez choisi le logiciel qui correspond à votre parcours professionnel, de nombreuses ressources sont disponibles pour l'apprentissage, notamment des manuels et des vidéos en ligne. L'abondance de matériel en ligne et en librairie fait de l'auto-apprentissage une option viable.
De nombreuses personnes, après avoir maîtrisé les commandes d'un logiciel, se retrouvent incapables de s'engager efficacement dans la conception structurelle d'un produit. En effet, le logiciel n'est qu'un outil ; l'essence de la conception structurelle des produits réside dans les connaissances qui la sous-tendent. Comprendre les principes, les processus et les subtilités de la conception est ce qui permet vraiment d'exceller dans ce domaine.
3. Connaissance des produits de l'industrie
Lorsque nous parlons de produits industriels dans le contexte de la conception structurelle, nous faisons référence à des objets tangibles que les gens utilisent dans leur vie quotidienne. Cela va des téléphones portables aux voitures, en passant par les toilettes, les brosses à dents et les masseurs. En fait, tout objet physique qui répond à un besoin de l'utilisateur ou qui remplit une fonction spécifique entre dans cette catégorie.
Les produits les plus simples peuvent être fabriqués à partir d'un seul matériau et avoir une forme et une fonction spécifiques, comme une cuillère en acier inoxydable. Les produits plus complexes, en revanche, sont constitués d'une enveloppe extérieure et de divers composants internes. Qu'il s'agisse d'une brosse de toilette ou d'une fusée, le principe reste le même : une combinaison d'une enveloppe extérieure et de composants internes, la complexité variant en fonction du nombre de pièces internes.
Dès lors, le rôle de la conception structurelle du produit devient évident. Il s'agit de déterminer comment assembler l'enveloppe extérieure, comment intégrer et fixer les composants internes, et comment s'assurer que ces composants offrent la fonctionnalité souhaitée.
Approfondir les connaissances sur Internet
Pour approfondir votre compréhension, envisagez de rechercher et d'analyser les schémas de démontage de produits courants. Cela vous permettra de mieux comprendre les concepts liés aux coques et aux composants internes des produits.
Les connaissances relatives à l'enveloppe extérieure et aux composants internes du produit constituent un aspect crucial de la conception structurelle du produit. Chaque type de produit présente des caractéristiques et des défis uniques. Il est important de maintenir une perspective d'apprentissage large et d'éviter de se focaliser sur un seul type de produit. Il faut plutôt chercher à saisir l'essence de chaque catégorie de produits et s'engager dans un apprentissage continu.
Composants internes
La plupart des produits, à l'exception de ceux qui ont une fonction unique et ne comportent pas de composants internes, contiennent des composants essentiels tels que des moteurs pour la puissance, des éléments chauffants pour l'énergie thermique, des écrans pour l'interaction, des boutons de commande, des cartes de circuits imprimés, des interrupteurs, des connecteurs, des amortisseurs, des joints et des unités de stockage de l'énergie. Ces composants sont des produits en soi, avec leurs propres sous-composants.
Par exemple, un moteur peut comporter des bobines, des balais de carbone, des aimants, des arbres et des bagues. Lorsque ces composants sont connectés, ils remplissent une fonction spécifique, comme une plaque chauffante connectée à un circuit imprimé et à une prise dans un cuiseur de riz.
Certains produits sont dotés de mécanismes internes complexes comportant de nombreuses pièces mobiles, ce qui nécessite des connaissances en matière de liaisons, de mécanismes à cames, etc. Cet aspect de la conception est souvent pris en charge par des ingénieurs en mécanique ou en automatisation. D'autres produits, comme les petits appareils électroménagers, peuvent comporter moins de pièces mobiles et se concentrer davantage sur la conception structurelle.
La variété des composants internes des différents produits est immense et personne ne peut les connaître tous. Cette diversité explique pourquoi des domaines différents peuvent sembler si distincts. Par exemple, un ingénieur expérimenté dans la conception de smartphones peut ne pas connaître les éléments chauffants des cuiseurs de riz.
La connaissance des composants internes s'accumule au fil du temps. L'observation et la curiosité à l'égard des différents composants que vous rencontrez dans la vie quotidienne peuvent considérablement améliorer votre compréhension et votre expertise en matière de conception structurelle des produits.
Les coques dans la conception structurelle des produits
Dans la conception structurelle d'un produit, la conception de l'enveloppe du produit implique divers processus de fabrication et de traitement de surface. Le choix des matériaux et des techniques de traitement correspondantes est crucial pour façonner l'aspect extérieur et la fonctionnalité du produit.
Les coques des produits sont fabriquées à partir de divers matériaux, chacun nécessitant des méthodes de traitement différentes. Même avec le même matériau, comme le plastique, la technique de transformation peut varier en fonction de la taille, de la forme et d'autres exigences du produit. Les méthodes de transformation du plastique les plus courantes sont le moulage par injection, le formage sous vide, le moulage par soufflage, le moulage par rotation et l'émaillage.
Les plastiques dans la conception des produits
Les matériaux les plus courants pour les coques de produits sont les plastiques et les métaux. Parmi les plastiques, les types fréquemment utilisés sont l'ABS, le PC, le PP, le PE, l'AS, le POM et le TPE. Chaque matériau possède ses propres propriétés, conditions de moulage et méthodes d'identification. Même au sein d'un même type de plastique, les différentes marques ou qualités de divers fabricants peuvent présenter de légères différences de performance.
Les métaux dans la conception des produits
La variété des métaux utilisés dans les enveloppes des produits est également très grande, notamment l'aluminium, l'acier inoxydable, le fer galvanisé et l'acier laminé à froid. Bien que l'on puisse les classer en trois grandes catégories (aluminium, cuivre et fer), le développement industriel a donné lieu à une multitude de qualités et de types.
For instance, different aluminum grades are suited for different processes: 6063 is ideal for extrusion, ADC12 for aluminum die casting, 7000 series alloys are commonly used in aircraft and spacecraft, and 1145 is suitable for aluminum foil in food packaging. Understanding these nuances is crucial for effective product structural design.
A deep understanding of materials and their appropriate applications is essential in product structural design. Regularly collecting information and being observant about different materials and their uses will significantly enhance your ability to design effective and functional product structures.
4. Knowledge of various processes
Moulage par injection
Injection molding is the most common process for plastic components, especially in the design of household appliances. Simply put, injection molding involves melting plastic into a liquid state and pouring it into a metal cavity. Upon cooling, the plastic solidifies into the shape of the cavity. Understanding injection molding requires knowledge in three key areas: melting the plastic (understanding the physical properties of plastics), molding in the metal cavity (knowing the characteristics of plastics during molding), and ejecting the plastic part from the cavity (understanding the basics of the mold).
The most critical aspect related to product structural design is the ejection of the part. To remove the plastic part, the metal cavity, or mold, must be able to open and separate into two halves. If the shape of the cooled plastic part gets stuck in the cavity, it cannot be removed. Therefore, the angle between the plastic part’s shape and the mold’s parting line must be less than 90 degrees to prevent this issue.
Mold design can include movable sections to facilitate part removal. For example, a plastic bowl can be removed by first moving the outer metal layer that holds it. These movable parts in molds, known as curseurs ou lifters, make the design of plastic parts more flexible. However, their use should be minimized as they can increase mold costs and complexity.
Other Plastic Processing Techniques
Other techniques like moulage par soufflage, enamelinget rotational molding each have their unique processes and implications for product structural design. It’s beneficial to understand these different techniques to broaden your design capabilities and options.
5. Assembly Design in Product Structural Engineering
After understanding the basic structure of various products and their molding processes, the next crucial aspect is the design of product assembly. This is a key component of product structural design, involving the logical arrangement and secure attachment of internal components within the product’s external shell.
Internal Component Assembly
Les assembly of internal components is not just about placing them inside the shell; they need to be precisely positioned and securely fixed to function effectively. In product structural design, consider these aspects: positioning of parts, securing them, protecting them, and ensuring their functionality. These considerations require a holistic approach and often need revisiting during the design process.
Positioning of Parts
Designing the exact location of each part within the product is critical. This involves determining their spatial position in three dimensions and ensuring the positioning method is practical and effective. Over-positioning and difficulty in positioning, especially considering the manufacturing tolerances of the parts, are common challenges. Even experienced engineers can make mistakes in this area, such as relying on hole positioning without considering the achievable precision in manufacturing. Understanding the concept of degrees of freedom, a topic covered in mechanical design courses, is essential here.
Securing Internal Components
Differentiating between positioning and securing components is vital. Avoid using the same structural feature for both positioning and securing, especially when high precision is required. Positioning demands precision, while securing requires strength. For instance, using screw posts for positioning might work in low-precision scenarios, but for high-precision requirements, dedicated positioning posts with tighter tolerances are necessary, with screws serving only to secure the parts.
Common methods for securing parts include screwing, gluing, soudage, riveting, and sometimes snap-fit mechanisms, though the latter can be less effective against impacts. The challenge lies in ensuring adequate strength, and learning from existing designs can be highly beneficial. Further, revisiting university-level mechanics, material science, and finite element analysis is crucial. Modern simulation software, capable of modeling scenarios like drop tests, is a valuable tool for young engineers to surpass traditional experience-based methods.
For specific details on snap-fits, screw posts, ultrasonic welding, riveting, and adhesive bonding, specialized resources should be consulted. It’s important to emphasize the significance of learning finite element analysis software and staying updated with the latest manufacturing capabilities. Relying solely on design experience without adapting to new technologies and methods can quickly lead to obsolescence in this rapidly evolving field.
6. Protecting Components in Product Structural Design
In product structural design, protecting the internal components is a critical focus. Different products operating under various conditions require specific protection for their internal parts. The most common requirement is strength; it’s imperative that components do not dislodge or break during normal or extreme conditions, such as falls or during transportation. The structural design must ensure durability for regular use and resilience against extreme situations. Different products have different quality standards and, consequently, varying strength requirements.
Common protection needs include cushioning and shock absorption (e.g., for motors), as well as thermal insulation, dustproofing, and waterproofing. These measures are essential to extend the product’s lifespan and ensure its reliable operation. The specific learning content should be tailored to the particular product and its components.
Waterproofing and Dustproofing
Waterproofing and dustproofing are often specified by IP (Ingress Protection) ratings, such as IP65, which indicates complete dust resistance and protection against water jets. To achieve this, product structural designs commonly incorporate silicone sealing rings, potting compounds, and design angles for rain protection.
Thermal Protection
Thermal protection of internal components is another critical consideration in product structural design. Components like heating elements, motors, and circuit boards generate significant heat during operation. If this heat is not adequately dissipated, it can damage the components.
Common solutions include adding cooling fans, heat sinks, thermally conductive silicone, and graphene-based heat dissipation materials. Thermal analysis knowledge and software are used to calculate whether a particular heat sink can meet the cooling requirements of the product components. The principles involved include heat transfer, convection, and specific heat capacity, as taught in high school physics, but practical application in product design requires professional knowledge.
Different products and components require varied protective strategies in structural design. As a product structural designer, it’s essential to accumulate a wide range of experiences. Learning from successful designs in one product category and applying those insights to others can elevate your design skills above industry peers.
7. Functional Implementation
In product structural design, considering the functional implementation of components is a specialized and detailed aspect of the design process.
For instance, in electronics, the basic function of a speaker involves creating openings for sound to pass through. A more advanced understanding includes adding sealing foam between the speaker and the casing to form a front sound chamber, and ensuring the area of the sound holes meets the speaker’s specifications for optimal sound transmission.
In high-level design, the creation of a sealed rear sound chamber is considered, where the volume and shape are specifically designed to meet the speaker’s acoustic requirements, ensuring optimal f0 and sound frequency curves for superior sound quality. This aspect of design, often invisible to outsiders, involves significant work and detail. Learning in this area requires a deep dive into each functional component, understanding, designing, testing, and improving them.
Designing for Movement and Space
Another common aspect of functional implementation is designing for movement and space. For example, when a motor drives a linkage mechanism, the structural design must consider the mechanics of the linkage’s movement and ensure adequate space for its operation. Since most products aim for compactness, internal space is often limited. Determining appropriate clearances and understanding the minimum space requirements for each type of functional component is crucial and comes with experience.
Overcoming Industry Barriers in Design
The knowledge related to protecting internal components and achieving their functionality often forms the main barrier to entry in different industry sectors of product structural design. However, these challenges are not insurmountable. They involve understanding how to use each component safely and effectively, following a unified thought process, and supplementing knowledge in unfamiliar areas. Much of this knowledge has been distilled into industry-specific experiential values.
While the underlying theoretical reasoning can be complex, in practice, understanding these experiential values can lead to rapid and effective product structural designs. It’s important not to be intimidated by seemingly complex theories. Believing in the versatility and capability of a product structural designer is key to success in this field.
The Role of Experience and Continuous Learning in Product Structural Design
The previous discussion on product structural design highlights the importance of experience values. It might seem that mastering software, understanding basic product concepts, and accessing design experience values are sufficient for product structural design. This is both true and untrue. For many junior product structural designers, this is indeed how they start. However, the correct interpretation and application of these experience values require deeper internalization and understanding. Knowing the principles of success but failing to apply them effectively is a common pitfall.
The Need for Updated Knowledge and Skills
In product structural design, when reconstructing appearance models, knowledge of manufacturing processes is crucial. For example, understanding whether a design is moldable and how to optimize it is essential. This knowledge needs to be constantly updated and refined. In preliminary structural design, considerations include how to facilitate assembly and part production, improve production efficiency, and understand assembly-related issues. These aspects also require continuous learning and updating.
When refining product structural designs, minor adjustments that might seem insignificant to an outsider can be crucial. Decisions about the appropriate amount of snap-fit engagement, the right clearance between parts, or the optimal dimensions for ribs in injection molding are all based on deep understanding. This understanding must be thorough, encompassing both the how and the why.
Motorola’s Design Guidelines
For instance, Motorola’s design manual suggests a 0.075mm gap between the lens (transparent window panel) and the surrounding shell. A junior designer might simply follow this guideline, but a more experienced designer will delve deeper.
This specific value relates to the CPK values of injection-molded shells and the precision of lens cutting. It involves understanding statistical tolerances and requires continuous updating of knowledge. In a small-scale factory setting, a 0.075mm gap might not be appropriate due to different CPK values compared to Motorola’s supplier system. Recognizing these nuances is what distinguishes a master designer who can adapt to different environments and industries without issue.
To excel in product structural design, one must engage in ongoing learning and skill updating. This approach ensures that a designer remains versatile and effective, regardless of changes in location or industry. It’s not just about knowing the rules but understanding their underlying reasons and adapting them to different contexts.
Other Knowledge
Mastering software, understanding principles, and gaining experience in product structural design are just the beginning. A product structural designer’s role encompasses much more.
Knowledge of Components
Firstly, a structural designer needs to be knowledgeable about various components. Many products are designed from the inside out, starting with selecting internal components, arranging them effectively, and then designing the exterior. This requires choosing appropriate components and placing them in positions that facilitate both functional and aesthetic design.
This task involves understanding the working principles of these components and collaborating with industrial designers and hardware engineers to meet both functional and aesthetic requirements. Due to the complexity of this work, specialized roles like Stack Engineers or Product Architects have emerged, requiring a blend of product thinking, structural thinking, and design aesthetics, along with hardware knowledge.
Factory Visits and Understanding Manufacturing Processes
A product structural designer must also visit various manufacturing and assembly facilities, such as mold factories and production lines. Understanding how different designs perform under various manufacturing and assembly processes is crucial.
This knowledge allows the designer to optimize their designs for manufacturability, improving part processing yield and assembly efficiency. Structural engineers are responsible for creating initial assembly instructions, which serve as a guide for production line setup and product understanding.
Furthermore, a product structural designer is responsible for organizing the entire product’s Bill of Materials (BOM) and distributing the corresponding manufacturing drawings to various suppliers, including mold makers, sheet metal factories, stamping factories, silicone factories, etc.
Coordinating with these suppliers to ensure each part is produced correctly and meets quality standards is a significant part of the job. Decisions about acceptable tolerances and surface flatness for assembly compatibility are crucial and fall under the designer’s purview. Due to the workload, specialized roles like Mold Engineers have been developed to handle these specific tasks.
The Ongoing Responsibilities of a Product Structural Designer
The job of a product structural designer doesn’t end with the completion of designs and the initial assembly of the product. In fact, a new and often longer phase begins, focusing on quality assurance and compliance with standards.
Before a product hits the market, it must pass various quality checks and certifications, such as 3C standards domestically or FDA and CE standards for exports. The designer’s role includes researching these standards beforehand to ensure compliance, analyzing issues post-testing, and iterating the design until it meets all requirements. This cycle of assembly, testing, problem-solving, and retesting continues until the product is ready for mass production.
Even when a product is ready for mass production, the structural designer’s work isn’t finished. They must ensure that every part meets the required standards and communicate these specifications to each supplier. This involves defining acceptable tolerances and creating traceable documentation to address any quality issues during mass production. In case of problems, the designer must devise both immediate and long-term solutions, effectively acting as a “product caretaker.”
Recap: Knowledge and Interactions in Product Structural Design
Reflecting on the foundational knowledge required for product structural design, it’s clear that a solid understanding of design principles, software, component knowledge, manufacturing processes, assembly techniques, quality standards, and problem-solving logic is essential.
Interactions with various professionals are a constant in this role. A product structural designer collaborates with product planners, industrial designers, hardware engineers, suppliers, production line staff, quality control personnel, testers, and project managers.
A comprehensive understanding is necessary, encompassing aesthetics, hardware, product planning, coordination with various suppliers and assembly plants, knowledge of quality standards, and familiarity with testing methods. The ability to identify and solve problems is crucial in this multifaceted role.
Conclusion: The Versatile Career Path of a Product Structural Designer
A product structural designer is intricately involved in almost every stage of a product’s lifecycle. Their role is not confined to the initial design phase but extends through the entire process of bringing a product to market. This comprehensive involvement provides them with a unique set of skills and knowledge that makes them highly adaptable and versatile in their career paths.
Potential Career Transitions
Due to their extensive experience and understanding of various aspects of développement de produits, product structural designers often find opportunities for career transitions within and outside their original field. Some common career shifts include:
- Product Planning: Their deep involvement in the design process equips them with the skills to strategize and plan new products effectively.
- Procurement and Resource Development: Understanding supplier dynamics and manufacturing processes can lead them to roles in procurement and resource management.
- Quality Planning: Knowledge of quality standards and testing procedures can pave the way for a career in quality assurance and control.
- Factory Management: Frequent interactions with production lines and manufacturing processes can lead to roles in factory management.
- Project Management: Exposure to the entire product development cycle, from conception to production, makes them suitable for project management roles.
The only fields where transitions are less common are industrial design and hardware engineering, which require specialized skills that are not typically the focus of a product structural designer.
A World of Opportunities
In summary, the career of a product structural designer is marked by a breadth of knowledge and a depth of experience that opens up numerous pathways for professional growth and transition. Their comprehensive understanding of the product lifecycle, from design to production and quality assurance, makes them valuable assets in various roles across industries.
